Healthier lives 39

 How do carbohydrates affect blood sugar and energy levels

Carbohydrates affect blood sugar and energy levels by being broken down into glucose (sugar) in the digestive system, which then enters the bloodstream. This raises blood sugar levels, prompting the pancreas to release insulin, a hormone that helps cells absorb glucose for energy or storage. When cells take in glucose, blood sugar levels drop. If blood sugar levels fall too low, the pancreas releases glucagon to signal the liver to release stored glucose, maintaining a steady supply of energy for the body's cells, especially the brain..

The type of carbohydrate affects the speed and magnitude of blood sugar changes. Simple carbohydrates cause rapid spikes in blood sugar, while complex carbohydrates, such as those in whole grains and vegetables, lead to a gradual increase, providing more sustained energy without sharp highs and lows. Fiber, a type of carbohydrate that is not digested, helps slow glucose absorption, moderating blood sugar levels.

In people with diabetes or insulin resistance, this system is impaired, leading to prolonged high blood sugar levels and difficulty in controlling energy supply. Managing carbohydrate intake by choosing high-fiber, low-glycemic-index foods supports healthier blood sugar levels and sustained energy throughout the day .

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